Excerpt:

The Health Hazards of Disease Prevention
A Personal Viewpoint by Damien Downing, M.D., London, U.K.

(OMNS Apr 8, 2011) “No pharmaceutical drug is devoid of risks from adverse reactions and vaccines are no exception. Vaccination is a medical intervention and should be carried out with the informed consent of those who are being subjected to it.” (Dr. Lucija Tomljenovic, University of British Columbia.) 

Excerpt:

Methods

Human leukemic cultured LAD2 mast cells and normal human umbilical cord blood-derived cultured mast cells (hCBMCs) were stimulated by HgCl2 (0.1-10 microM) for either 10 min for beta-hexosaminidase release or 24 h for measuring vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and IL-6 release by ELISA.

Results

HgCl2 induced a 2-fold increase in beta-hexosaminidase release, and also significant VEGF release at 0.1 and 1 microM (311+/-32 pg/10*6 cells and 443+/-143 pg/10*6 cells, respectively) from LAD2 mast cells compared to control cells (227+/-17 pg/10*6 cells, n=5, p<0.05). Addition of HgCl2 (0.1 microM) to the proinflammatory neuropeptide substance P (SP, 0.1 microM) had synergestic action in inducing VEGF from LAD2 mast cells. HgCl2 also stimulated significant VEGF release (360 +/- 100 pg/10*6 cells at 1 microM, n=5, p<0.05) from hCBMCs compared to control cells (182 +/-57 pg/10*6 cells), and IL-6 release (466+/-57 pg/10*6 cells at 0.1 microM) compared to untreated cells (13+/-25 pg/10*6 cells, n=5, p<0.05). Addition of HgCl2 (0.1 microM) to SP (5 microM) further increased IL-6 release.

Conclusions

HgCl2 stimulates VEGF and IL-6 release from human mast cells. This phenomenon could disrupt the blood-brain-barrier and permit brain inflammation. As a result, the findings of the present study provide a biological mechanism for how low levels of mercury may contribute to ASD pathogenesis.

Regards,
Linda

Scientific American
September 28, 2009

Wild Meat Raises Lead Exposure
Tests by the CDC show that eating venison and other game can raise the amounts of lead in human bodies by 50 percent
By Scott Streater and Environmental Health News

To Dr. William Cornatzer, it was an unforgettable image, one that troubled him deeply.

An avid hunter, Cornatzer was listening to a presentation on the lead poisoning of California condors when an x-ray of a mule deer flashed on an overhead screen. The deer had been shot in the chest with a high-powered rifle. Cornatzer was shocked that the deer’s entire carcass was riddled with dozens of tiny lead-shot fragments.

“My first thought had nothing to do with California condors; it had to do with what I had been doing as a hunter myself, and what I had been feeding our kids,” said Cornatzer, a clinical professor of medicine at the University of North Dakota School of Medicine & Health Sciences.

“I knew good and well after seeing that image that I had been eating a lot of lead fragments over the years,” he said.

That realization led Cornatzer and a radiologist last year to X-ray 100 packages of venison that had been donated by a sportsmen group to a food bank. About 60 percent of the packages contained lead-shot fragments, even though it’s common practice among hunters to remove meat around the wound.

The discovery prompted North Dakota to warn pregnant women and children 6 and under not to eat venison killed with ammunition containing lead.

It also sparked a flurry of new research that raises questions about the safety of eating wild game, as well as a renewed debate about eliminating lead ammunition.
ecosystems
Earlier this year, the National Park Service announced a controversial plan to ban lead ammunition and fishing tackle in the parks, which Acting Director Dan Wenk said “will benefit humans, wildlife, and  inside and outside park boundaries.”

Cheap, durable and readily available, lead has been used in weapons and other products since the Romans first mined it more than 2,500 years ago. Bullets have contained lead, which upon impact mushrooms to create a larger wound, since the 14th century.

But lead is a dangerous neurotoxin, particularly for children and fetuses. Low levels can harm children’s developing brains, causing learning disabilities and reduced IQs. High levels can trigger severe neurological problems.

Sporting groups are opposed to any restrictions on lead-based ammunition, arguing that there’s no clear evidence that it is dangerous when used to hunt deer and other animals.
“The use of traditional ammunition does not pose a health risk to human beings,” said Ted Novin, director of public affairs for the National Shooting Sports Foundation, a trade association for the firearms, ammunition and hunting industries.

Novin added that “there has never been a documented case of lead poisoning among humans who have eaten game harvested with traditional ammunition.”

New research, however, has shown that eating venison and other game can substantially raise the amounts of lead in human bodies. The findings have prompted some experts to recommend bans on lead ammunition.

“We want to avoid having people exposed to lead to the extent that it’s feasible and practical, and it’s clear that one of the key ways to minimize exposure is to use alternatives to lead ammunition,” said Dr. Michael Kosnett, a medical toxicologist at the University of Colorado at Denver School of Medicine. “You’re putting food on the table to nourish your family. Why not nourish them with healthy food if that’s a possible alternative?”

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention tested 736 people, mostly adults, in six North Dakota cities and found that those who ate wild game had 50 percent more lead in their blood than those who did not eat it. The lead exposure was highest among people who consumed not only venison, but also birds and other game, according to the study published last month in the journal Environmental Research.

Those who ate wild game meat had average lead levels of 1.27 micrograms per deciliter, compared with 0.84 for those who ate no game. Most said they either hunted the animals themselves or obtained the meat from friends or family members.

“What was most troubling is that as wild game consumption increases, the blood-lead levels increase,” said study co-author Mary Jean Brown, chief of the CDC’s lead poisoning prevention branch. “The strong recommendation we would make is that pregnant women should not consume this meat.”

The CDC is planning a second round of testing this year involving hunters in Wisconsin, Brown said.

The National Shooting Sports Foundation argues that everyone in the North Dakota study had blood-lead levels below the CDC’s health guideline of 10 micrograms per deciliter.

However, recent research has reported that children’s mental abilities are reduced by lead at levels far below the CDC guideline. Brown and others say there is no threshold below which lead does not cause harm, particularly with children.

As a result, the CDC recommends that “all nonessential uses of lead should be eliminated,” according to a 2005 statement. Less than 2 percent of children in the United States have lead levels that exceed the amount that the CDC considers safe. Most exposure comes from old, deteriorating lead-based paint, which was banned in 1978.

Another study, published in April, showed that eating venison containing lead-shot fragments can quickly raise blood-lead levels.

Researchers at Washington State University and Boise State University fed lead-tainted venison to four pigs and lead-free venison to a separate control group of pigs. The pigs that ate the venison containing lead fragments reached a lead level of 3.8 micrograms per deciliter after only two days—more than three times higher than the highest level in the control group of pigs, according to the study, which was sponsored by The Peregrine Fund, a group that advocates for the removal of lead shot to protect condors.

“At risk in the U.S. are some ten million hunters, their families, and low-income beneficiaries of venison donation,” the report says. One program, Sportsmen Against Hunger, donates the meat to low-income people.

The National Park Service posted the results of The Peregrine Fund study on its Web site, noting “that while the results are preliminary and much further study needs to be done to better assess risks to humans, it appears that if lead bullets are used, odds are high that you will ingest lead particles in ground meat.”

Mostly to protect wildlife, the park service plans to end the use of lead bullets and fishing gear in all parks. A public comment period will be held next year, said Jody Lyle, an agency spokeswoman.

“Our goal is to eliminate the use of lead ammunition and lead fishing tackle in parks by the end of 2010,” Wenk said when announcing the proposal in March. “We want to take a leadership role in removing lead from the environment.”

Although hunting is prohibited in most national parks, it is allowed on some park properties. Rangers also would have to stop using lead ammunition when culling herds or killing wounded or sick animals.

Hunting groups say any restriction on traditional ammunition will price many people out of hunting, because the alternatives–steel, copper or tungsten shells–can cost as much as six times more.

This is not the first time the federal government has considered restrictions on lead ammunition. The United States in 1991 phased out lead-shot for hunting waterfowl, mostly because bald eagles that prey on them were being poisoned.

Twenty-nine other countries have adopted voluntary or legislative restrictions. Some of the most aggressive regulations have been adopted in Europe, where lead-shot poisoning has killed white-tailed eagles and endangered Spanish Imperial eagles.

While there is no European Union standard for lead ammunition, Denmark was the first to ban lead shot for waterfowl in wetlands in 1985, followed throughout the 1990s by Norway, the Netherlands, Finland, England, Spain and Sweden. France did so in 2006. Denmark, followed by Norway and the Netherlands, extended the lead-shot ban to all hunted species in 2000.

California and Arizona also have taken action, implementing mandatory and voluntary bans, respectively, on lead bullets and shot in an effort to protect condors.

Pressure to ban lead-based ammunition in the U.S. intensified last year with the release of a report on threats to wildlife commissioned by The Wilderness Society and the American Fisheries Society.

The report said that lead fishing sinkers have poisoned brown pelicans, mute swans and Canada geese. Even more dangerous is lead shot in gut piles left behind by hunters and consumed by scavengers, including endangered condors, said Barnett Rattner, a wildlife toxicologist with the U.S. Geological Survey and a co-author of the review.

John H. Schulz, a resource scientist at the Missouri Department of Conservation, has calculated that as many as 15 million mourning doves are killed in North America each year from lead poisoning, mostly from eating spent lead shot that looks like the weed seed they depend on for food. That’s almost as many as the estimated 20 million mourning doves legally shot and killed each year by hunters.

But it’s the science pointing to possible human health impacts that has Schulz convinced that there’s more than enough scientific evidence to begin a phase-out of lead ammunition.

“Let’s not spend any more time studying whether the problem is significant. It is real. It is serious. It is significant,” Shulz said. “Now, how are we going to address it in a thoughtful and sensitive manner so no affected stakeholders are disenfranchised?”
This article originally ran at Environmental Health News, a news source published by Environmental Health Sciences, a nonprofit media company.

Angel Huggzzz
Linda

Is Mercury Toxicity an Epidemic?
Author: Joseph Pizzorno, ND
Source: Vitamin Retailer Magazine, June 2009

Conventional medicine has dismissed mercury toxicity as a clinical concern except in cases of obvious poisoning. This is due to the poor correlation between the various measures of mercury body load and clinical symptoms. It is also the reason the dental community has in the past so consistently denied that amalgam fillings are a health risk. (Although called “silver” fillings, they are actually about 55 percent mercury.) However, the integrative medicine community has for decades believed that chronic low-level mercury exposure is the root cause of many chronic diseases ranging from autism to heart disease to “brain fog.”
This controversy became very personally relevant when I discovered, as part of an innovative corporate wellness program I helped to design, that my RBC (red blood cell) Hg level was 59.3 nmol/L over twice the “safe” level of < 24.9. This was quite surprising as I live a very healthy lifestyle, have no amalgam fillings, only consume small, wild-caught fish, eat 75 percent of my food organically grown, etc. I then had the same test done on my wife and found her level was almost as high as mine. This lead to the obvious questions: Was the test valid? Is the mercury damaging our health? Where is the mercury coming from? How do we get rid of it?

Mercury Exposure
There are three types of mercury in the body: elemental, ionic and organic, typically methyl mercury. All are toxic to humans, although each is more toxic in different tissues of the body. The primary sources of human exposure to mercury are: occupational, environmental, fish, high fructose corn syrup and amalgam fillings. As you might expect, dentists and dental assistants have a high level of exposure, although they have become much more careful in the past few years. Nonetheless, a large study of several hundred dentists and dental assistants in Washington state found that almost all of them had four or more symptoms consistent with mercury toxicity.
The major environmental source is the air near electricity producing plants that burn coal. For most people, the major sources are mercury amalgams and fish. A large number of studies have now shown a clear, direct correlation between the number of amalgam surfaces and amount of mercury in the blood, hair, urine and, unfortunately, the brain. However, the correlation between the number of amalgam surfaces and symptoms is not so clear. This is probably because of two major factors: the great variation in a person’s ability to excrete mercury from the body and the equally great variation in genetics that determines the amount of oxidative stress a person gets from mercury. Mercury from fish turns out to be more complicated. Without question, body Hg is proportional to the amount of fish consumed (hundreds of studies show this). However, neurological symptoms do not typically correlate well with fish consumption because of the brain-benefit effects of omega-3 fatty acids. I think that only high-mercury fish such as tuna or low-omega-3 fish such as those that are farmed are problematic.

Mercury Toxicity Symptoms
For long-term, chronic exposure at moderate to high levels the evidence is very clear that mercury is a serious neurotoxin. A 2008 report provides for the first time long-term data on the Japanese people living in Minimata who for years ate fish contaminated with industrial mercury waste. The researchers found more than 50 symptoms.
The challenge for most of us is to determine at what levels mercury becomes toxic and what are the most sensitive symptoms. Looking at several studies that examine symptoms produced by only modestly elevated levels of mercury, I compiled the following list of common symptoms: depression, memory loss, anxiety, unintentionally dropping things and headaches.

Laboratory Assessment of Mercury Load
Mercury is measured in hair, saliva, spinal fluid, serum, RBCs, urine and stools. Unfortunately, these tests do not correlate very well with each other and none are a reliable or sensitive measure of brain mercury where most of the symptoms are produced. This is one of the key reasons the issue of mercury toxicity is so controversial. At this time I think whole blood mercury is the best general measure. However, for best sensitivity a mercury challenge test is needed where the person is given an injection of a chelating agent like DMPS and then collects their urine for several hours.

Mercury Elimination
Normally, about one percent of the body burden of Hg is naturally excreted every day through the bile into the stools. Unfortunately, 95 percent of the cleared mercury is reabsorbed. Those who eat a high fiber diet reabsorb less since mercury binds to fiber. About the same amount of mercury is also excreted every day in the urine, bound to sulfur containing compounds. The way the brain gets rid of mercury is by binding it to the antioxidant glutathione. This is a very slow process, which explains why it is so hard to get mercury out of the brain.
When trying to decrease mercury load in the body, obviously the first task is to identify and eliminate the source—amalgams, contaminated fish, industrial, air, etc. Also to be considered are household goods such as fluorescent lights, old thermometers and ayurvedic medicines to which mercury is intentionally added. A very disturbing recent study found mercury in high fructose corn syrup. The most highly contaminated samples had 25 micrograms of mercury per can of soft drink, the equivalent of eating two ounces of fish, without the benefits of fish’s omega-3 fatty acids.
For those with high levels of mercury contamination, I recommend seeing a doctor skilled in chelation. The agents most often used are DMSA and DMPS. Discussion of their merits and risks is beyond the scope of this column.
Several nutritional supplements, such as zinc, selenium modified citrus pectin, glutathione, alpha lipoic acid and NAC have been studied to see if they increase the rate at which the body excretes mercury. As near as I can tell, the most effective at getting mercury out of the body, especially methyl mercury, is N-acetylcysteine (NAC). It has been shown to not only increase the kidney elimination of methylmercury (which is especially toxic to the brain) by a remarkable 500 percent, but it even increases the excretion of mercury from the brain and fetus. The typical dosage is 500mg twice a day and it appears very safe.
Those who would like to read more about the mercury epidemic will find a lot more information in my two-part editorial at www.imjournal.com. I also encourage you to visit more of this site for information on this article, get my “Ask Dr. Joe” newsletter and to benefit from the NHI tradesite.

References
Heyer NJ, Echeverria D, Bittner AC, et al. Chronic Low-Level Mercury Exposure, BDNF Polymorphism, and Associations with Self-Reported Symptoms and Mood. Toxicological Sciences 2004;81:354–363
Kingman A, Albertini T, Brown LJ. Mercury concentrations in urine and whole blood associated with amalgam exposure in a US military population. J Dent Res 1998;77(3): 461-471
Guzzi G, Grandi M, Cattaneo C, et al. Dental amalgam and mercury levels in autopsy tissues: food for thought. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2006;27(1):42-5
Takaoka S, Kawakami Y, Fujino T, Oh-ishi F, Motokura F, Kumagai Y, Miyaoka T. Somatosensory disturbance by methylmercury exposure. Environ Res. 2008;107(1):6-19
Holger Zimmera, Heidi Ludwiga, Michael Baderb, Josef Bailerc, Peter Eickholzd, Hans Jˆrg Staehled, Gerhard Triebiga. Determination of mercury in blood, urine and saliva for the biological monitoring of an exposure from amalgam fillings in a group with self-reported adverse health effects. Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health 2002;205(3):205-211
Clarkson TW, Vyas JB, Ballatori N. Mechanisms of mercury disposition in the body. Am J Indust Med 2007;50:757–764
Dufault R, LeBlanc B, Schnoll R, Et al. Mercury from chlor-alkali plants: measured concentrations in food product sugar. Environmental Health 2009, 8:2
Ballatori N, Lieberman MW, Wang W. N-acetylcysteine as an antidote in methylmercury poisoning. Environ Health Perspect. 1998 May;106:267-71

Dr. Joe Pizzorno is the founding president of Bastyr University and editor-in-chief of Integrative Medicine, A Clinician’s Journal. He is the co-author of seven books including the internationally acclaimed Textbook of Natural Medicine and the Encyclopedia of Natural Medicine, which has sold over a million copies and been translated into six languages.